Composition for use in dyeing.



sonar wY ruins, or Wrusron-sALEM, nonrn cenotma.

COMPQSITION FOR USE IN DYEING.

Ito Drawing.

To all whom it may concern Be it knownthat I, JOHN W. Fume, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Winston-Salem, county of Forsyth, and

State of North Carolina, have inventedan Improvement in Compositions for Use in Dyeing, of which the following is a specification. The object of my invention is to provide a suitable dye composition, preferablyin a powdered form, which may be subsequently employed, when properly diluted, to furnish a dyeing solution to which textile material, more particularly cotton or cotton goods, maybe treated and thereby dyed with a permanent color of the desired shade.

li'lo're particularly, my object is to provide a dye composition employing, as an essential element vegetable dye-stuffs treated in such manner as to provide a composition of the same associated with a metallic hydrated oxid. the said resulting dye compositionpreferably in a form which may be packed in concentrated condition either as a powder or of a thick syrupy consistency. My object is further to provide a vegetable dye which shall be readily soluble in water and capable of dyeing cotton in one bath such as is possible with the direct anilin dyes; further, In

which the color may be developed and deepi-(fd by oxidation through exposure to the dr during drying;.also to provide a vegeuble' dye of inexpensive character giving highly satisfactory results which does not "bleed, as occurs with direct anilin dyes .nd which shall therefore be superior to.

\lCll dyes.

My obiect is also to provide a suitable dye of the character above stated, which, by using soap or alizarin oil, or similar substances in the dye bath, will permit the clotton to be entered dry with satisfactory re.- sults and theerby save the time, trouble and expense of Wetting out, which iifisually nec'essarv.

As a rule, thevegetable dye-studs heretofore used, are precipitated by metallic salts and the methods used are more or less ,un-

satisfactory, sometimes requiring long biSiling and often repeated operations. The dyewoods have been used more particularly for blacks, browns, tans, etc., on cotton, but heretofore they'have furnished no satisfactory blue, and it is one of the special objects of my invention to employ logwood as a basis for the production of a composition specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 16. 1915., Serial No. 34,415.

Patented May 21, 19 18.

capable of roducing a most satisfactory blue, not on y of one color, but of diflerent shades at the option of the dyer.

In the production of my improved dye composition, I employ dyewood extracts and especially logwood, preferably in the form of a l1qu1d extract, and to this I add an' ammoniacal solution of hydrated metallic oxid according to the color or shade to be-produced, the mixture being in such proportions and the hydrated metallic oxid formed in such manner that the desired final composition of the dye will be assured, as more fully described hereinafter. In place of the logwood extract, as the vegetable dye-stufi to .be employed, I may use other vegetable extracts such as those of cutch, quebracho, que'rc itron, etc., where other colors than shades of blue are desired in the dyed product.

It is well known that dyewood extracts,

especially logwood, are poorly soluble in cold water, are more soluble in hot Water and are readily soluble with alkalis. It has heretofore not been found desirable-to use solid extracts from these sources becauseof the expense of reducing the extract to the solid state as a commercial product, and because of the difliculty experienced by the dyer in forming a. solution from 'the said solld extract when making up the dye bath. The

standard liquid extracts of dyewoods are of a thick, syrupy and almost tarry consistency,

which makes them troublesome and disagreeable to weigh or measure accuratel in the dye-house, and it is one of the ob ects of my invention to permit the utilization of the dyewood extracts in a commercial form which will" enable them to be readily handledin'the dye-house as well as be cheaply packed and shipped commercially.

I will now describe the preferred manner of making my improved dye composition, and by way of-example I will employ logwood extract with the object of makin a dye-stufil capable of producing a satis actorv blue dye. I first provide an'ammoniw cal solution of hydrated cupric oxid which maybe prepared b the mixture of blue stone, 'soda ash, an aqua mom, with or without an addition of water, and to this solution I add the requisite amount of liquid extract of logwood which produces a composition in a more orless' dense condition (from paste to a dry wder, as preferred), which may be en neatly To one part by measthoroughly stirred. The mixture will form inonia 10%, of this solution 2 parts of the liquid extract logwood 51 Twaddell is added, the resulting composition would be a thick pasty mass which may be packed and shipped in that a semi-solid mass which is then preferably dried andpowdered. The drying should be performed by a natural evaporation, as the application'of heat would he objectionable. It is to'be'kept in mind, "that while the above proportions are given by way of example, I do not restrict myself'thereto, as 20?.

fsi'derable limits accordin to the special final condition of the prodiict required. If, of the blue stone, 5' 37 c..c. of aqua amthese proportions may be varied within conor example, 12 grams f soda ash, and

were employed, and to one part form or dried to apowder, as preferred. In the forming of these solutions, the blue stone may first be dissolved in water and the soda ash dissolved in the aqua ammonia, and these solutions then mixed preliminary to the addition of the extract of logwood; such variations in the process being permissible without altering the resultant composition, which is essentially a The solution to which the logwood is I added is an ammoniacal'solution.ofhydrated venient form,

.p'acity for cupric oxid, and tlie proportions of'the inredients preferably employed are such that the soda ash and blue-stone (sulfate of copper) are in equivalent proportions, with the productionflof hydrated cupric oxid as a --bulky carbonate precipitate; and when the above is supplemented by the addition of v the aqua ammonia, said precipitate is d1s-.

solved and. forms the ammoni of hydrated 'cupric oxid, areagent Wl'llCl'l as far as I am'aware has never heretofore been employed as a constituent in the dyeing of I l I': I

textile material.

veniently make up the dye liquor to be used vin the dye-house, and hence this c-omposition advantageous owing to its conin addltlbn' to having the of a permanent dye with cais especially special quality above'exam le's, I have referred to the employm'ento blue-stone, but this is only as a 20 c. c., more or less, of r sum ac, quebracho, parts (it-the liquid ex-v mixture including m its compositoin the extract of logwood'and hydrated cuprlc oxid.

acal sdlution' direct dyeingr- In giving the made from logwood,

and it is to be understood that the metallic salt employed. may be varied or supplemented by addition of other salts where the color or tint is to be varied. Similarly, the extract of logwood may be substituted by other vegetable dye substances such as cutch, quercitron, 'etc;, where other colors than blues are to be furnished.

If to the metallic and alkaline compounds above described by way of example, there be added to the solution (before inixmg with the logwood) some (say about 50 c. (a), the be deeper and toward a black; Furthermore, if a suitable proportion of bichromate of potash were substituted as part of the sulfate of copper in making up the ammoniacal solution of'hydrated cupric oxid, the blue dye produced. will be 'a deeper blue than when the sulfate of copper is the only metallic salt used. From these refer ences to the additions to or substitutions of a portion of the main saltQit will be understood that my dye composition may be considerably varied, not only in ferent colors but in producing different; shades of the same color. It is also to be kept in mind that the .same metallic salt, such as sulfate of copper may be employed with thedifferentvegetable dyes in producing the ditferen )lors, such as tans and browns, as well "the blues, but in cases pyrolignite of iron where there is an extra quantity of tannin in best to employ a sa'ltof iron in place of that,

of copper. but I do not restrict myself in this substitution of the metallic salt nor to the specific .use or any particular metallic salt. Similarly, I

do not confine myself 'to the employment of logwood for theproduction only of the blue dye composition, as it may also be used for producing a reddish or wine color dye when employed with an annnoniacal solution of hydrated oxid with base, and thes the commerciali"' alumina or magnesia as the substances may be used in form of alum and Epsom salts respectively.

In the use of my improved dye composition, the same may be readily dissolved in water and employed as a singleibath for. dyeing the cotton, very much like the practice in respect to direct aniline dyes. By

' a using soap or alizarin oil, or similar sub- The dye composition above described 1sf. in a form which'enables the'dyer recon-g;

.dye bath. The use of soap has the advan-' shade of blue will producing dif-l thereby save time, trouble tage of cheapness, but the alizarin oil gives;

a'brighter shade of the color. When the dye is as one of the constituents as hereinbefore described, the color promyself toa simple .oxid of the metal, but

' ducedupon the cotton may beflco nsidered as a greenish-blueas it comes from the bath,

but the blue color deepens on exposure. to

, the-air in the drying operation. .The color is imparted .to the cotton fiber as a true dye and not as a precipitate, and consequently it is fast and moreover is so permanent that f copper it will not bleed by subjecting the dyed garment to continued soaking in Wat-er.

While I prefer that the proportions of the sulfate of copper and the soda ash shall neutralize each other in the production of a bulky precipitate of the carbonate .of copper which is to be dissolved b the ammonia 1 added thereafter, the proportlon of the soda ash-used mayprovide a basic carbonate of salt withthe weak acid, carbonic acid, it. is enabled to. 0 into. solution when the a ms monia isad ed and thus .aids in providing a true dye when the extract. of logwood isintroduced. 'While the dye mixture may be brought into a dry and-powdered conditionby its compounding, nevertheless the I .mixture is readily soluble in water and prosion in the solution and deposited as a paste upon the textile material. f y 'In this specification and claims, where I duces a true dye as distinguished from those cases where a precipitate is held in suspenhave referred to a metallic. oxid, such as hydrated cupric oxid, etc., I do not restrict intend to convey the meaning that my composition dye includes such a metallic oxid in association 'with the, other substances '40 compound; and moreover, that my ultimate which enter into the composition Jof the composition as a dyeewi'll be modified. ac-' 4 cording to the materials. employed, as it will include whatever secondary substances may be present owing to the particular wood dye- Stufiemployed or the particular metallic and alkaline salts which may be employed in forming the dye, and I have therefore only referred .to the more essential elements which enter into the making of the composition such as the hydrated metallic oxid and the vegetable dyestuif, the ammomabemgpres- -,ent as a vehicle for maintaining. the result-' ing composition in a soluble form whereby it forms a true dye as above stated I have described my inventlon in accordance with the general knowledge I have upon the subject resulting from the actual making and utilizationof the dye composition in the manner above described; and there fore while I have explained the manner of 0091c: of this patent may be obtained for I so desired. It is also to be under stood th t the cupric oxid of copper is not .precipitated' separately as metaloxid, but

tion containing through. the formation of this oxid into a drying the same.

the making of the dye composition and the utilization thereof i'n'the process of dyeing, the foregoing specification is to be taken as a general exposition of the invention and not as a limitation thereof in respect to mi nor results or compounds resulting from the complex inorganic reactions which may occur, an understanding of which 1s not material to the general essence of the invention.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is 2- 1. -As an article of manufacture, a dye composition in dried and. powdered condition and comprising a vegetable dye extract and ammoniacal hydrated cupric oxid.

'2. Asan article of manufacture, a dye composition in dried and powdered condiwhich consists in, first preparing an am-- moniacalsolution of hydrated oxid of a metal, then adding thereto a vegetable dye extract, in proportion .to produce a composition in a non-fluid condition.

5. The herein described method of preparing a dye for dyeing cotton goods, which consists in treatinga mixture comprising a non-alkaline metallic salt and an alkaline, salt with aqua ammonia in sufficient quantity to form an ammoniacal hydrated solution of an oxid of the non-alkaline metal and prevent a precipitate being formed, mixing with the fluid compound so formed a vegetable dye extract to form a.

relatively thick pasty compound, and finally 6. The herein described method of preparing a dye for dyeing cotton goods, which consists in mixing a non-alkaline metallic salt in powdered condition with an alkaline salt also in powdered condition, adding aqua ammonia to the mixture to dissolve it and forming an ammoniacal hydrated solution of an oxid of the non-alkaline metal, mixing with the fluid compound so formed a vegetable dye extract to form a relatively thickpasty mass, and finally drying the compound.

In testimony of which invention, I hereunto set my hand.

. JOHN WV. FRIES.

Witnesses:

R. M. HUNTER, v FLORENCE DEACON.

five cents each. by addressing the commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. t2."v 

